論我國破產免責制度-以消費者債務清理條例為研究核心

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题名:	論我國破產免責制度-以消費者債務清理條例為研究核心
作者:	王佳宜;Wang, Chia-I
贡献者:	產業經濟研究所
关键词:	免責制度;個人重整;消費者債務清理條例
日期:	2023-02-01
上传时间:	2024-09-19 16:14:54 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	為了解決雙卡風暴引發的諸多問題，消債條例的誕生使得我國擁有第一部專門處理個人債務的法律，實行至今轉眼也已近十五年，如今卡債族相較過往已大幅減少。隨著近兩年 COVID-19 的爆發，影響了許多百姓的生計，當民眾無法向銀行借到錢，轉向跟民間融資公司籌資，無法清償的情況發生時，最終只能仰仗消債條例的適用才得以解決債務並重獲新生，消債條例已從傳統解決卡債的初衷，進而擴大至處理消費者的多重債務。債務人無論聲請更生或清算程序，皆是為了獲得免責，惟免責會侵害到債權人的權益，如何在債權人和債務人間取得平衡，乃免責制度的重大課題，因此本文以免責制度為研究主軸。由於消債條例係參考我國破產法及美國聯邦破產法所設計，因此本文除了研究消債條例外，亦探討破產法的基本法理以及美國聯邦破產法的個人債務清理法制和免責制度，並透過發生在美國的實際案例，使我們深思和檢討法律的不完善及如何改進，最終針對我國個人重整的免責制度提出建議。;In order to solve many problems caused by the dual-card storm, the birth of the Consumer Debt Clearance Act has enabled my country to have the first law that specifically deals with personal debts. It has been nearly 15 years since it was implemented, and the number of card debts has decreased significantly compared to the past. With the outbreak of COVID-19 in the past two years, the livelihood of many people has been affected. When people cannot take out a loan from banks then turn to private financing companies to raise funds, but eventually cannot pay off, they can only rely on the application of the law to get rid of debt and get back to life. The Consumer Debt Clearance Act has expanded from its original intention of solving card debts to dealing with multiple debts of consumers. The primary motivation for debtors seeking personal bankruptcy relief is to rely on the discharge system to have a new lease on life. Therefore, this paper takes the discharge system as the research topic. Since the Consumer Debt Clearance Act are designed with reference to my country’s bankruptcy law and the United States Bankruptcy Code, this article also discusses the basic legal principles of the bankruptcy law, the personal debt liquidation legal system and exemption system of the United States Bankruptcy Code. Through the actual cases in the United States, we perceive the imperfection of the existing law and wonder if there is a way to improve it, and finally put forward suggestions for the discharge system of personal reorganization in our country.
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