| 摘要: | 講客廣播電臺是由客委會籌設的「全國性」客家廣播電臺，在2017年6月中正式上線，經歷了〈客家基本法〉第十七條的修正，以及〈財團法人客家公共傳播基金會設置條例〉的制定，客家公共傳播基金會在2019年底成立，並於2020年1月1日接手經營講客廣播電臺。
作為全臺灣第一家全國頻道之客家廣播電臺，其所製播的節目具有指標性，因此本研究以探究客家公共傳播基金會所經營之講客廣播電臺經營現況與困境為主軸。首先蒐集整理2021年度講客廣播電臺的類型和節目編排，探討電臺節目所蘊含之客家文化、社會教化、客語傳承，以及與新媒體Podcast的結合，進而提出其經營困境以及未來展望。
採用文獻分析法，輔以深度訪談法，從主持人的觀點來，瞭解主持人培訓養成、廣播節目內容的產製過程、聽眾收聽行為，以及如何在「吸引年輕或非客籍之聽眾」和「講求一定的客語使用率之間」取得平衡，進而帶動全國「講客」風氣，具體實踐臺灣不同族群間的文化多樣性。
本研究以10位不同節目類型的主持人為訪談對象，透過質性的深度訪談及資料分析，獲致以下研究發現：
一、2021年度電臺節目以生活風格節目為大宗，在節目時段編排視主要收聽人口的習性而調整。
二、電臺主持人多為客家相關產業之人士，從業門檻高，要會說客語、實務經驗累積；電臺方尚缺乏完整的主持人培訓。
三、節目製作過程容易遇到製作過程費時費工、節目題材限制、客語呈現和邀請來賓不易等困難。
四、主持人接收聽眾回饋的管道多以講客官方網站留言區、客家界人士和身邊親友的反饋為主，鮮少透過電臺方接收接收到聽眾的聲音。
五、在未來展望方面，電臺必須面臨大環境的考驗，包含廣播收聽人數的減少、對客家電臺的既定印象、Podcast的影響、廣播人才的延續等。
最後，本研究對臺電臺未來定位、節目安排提出建議，期望講客廣播電臺秉持著傳承客家語言、文化為使命，積極提升節目品質，發展新興的podacast節目，增加電臺能見度，也提供其他廣播業者借鏡參考與省思。
;Hakka-speaking radio station is a "national" Hakka radio station established by the Hakka Committee, which was officially launched in mid-June 2017 and has undergone the amendment of Article 17 of the Hakka Basic Law and the formulation of the Regulations on the Establishment of the Hakka Public Communication FoundationThe Hakka Public Communication Foundation was established at the end of 2019 and took over the operation of Hakka-speaking radio station on January 1, 2020.
As the first national channel Hakka radio station in Taiwan, the programs produced and broadcast by it are indicative, so this study focuses on exploring the current situation and dilemma of the guest radio station operated by the Hakka Public Communication Foundation. Firstly, the types and program arrangements of the 2021 Hakka-speaking radio station were collected and sorted out, and the Hakka culture, social education, Hakka language inheritance, and the combination with new media Podcasts contained in the radio program were discussed, and then its business difficulties and future prospects were proposed.
Using the literature analysis method, supplemented by the in-depth interview method, from the perspective of the host, we understand the training and cultivation of the host, the production process of radio program content, the listening behavior of the audience, and how to strike a balance between "attracting young or non-guest listeners" and "emphasizing a certain Hakka usage rate", so as to drive the national "speak Hakka" atmosphereConcrete practice of cultural diversity among different ethnic groups in Taiwan.
Through qualitative in-depth interviews and data analysis, this study conducted interviews with 10 hosts of different types of programmes and obtained the following findings:
1. The 2021 radio program is mainly based on lifestyle programs, and the program schedule will be adjusted according to the habits of the main listeners.
2. Most of the radio hosts are Hakka-related industry people, with a high threshold for employment, and they must be able to speak Hakka and accumulate practical experience; There is still a lack of complete host training on the radio side.
3. The production process of the program is prone to encounter difficulties such as the time-consuming and labor-intensive production process, the restrictions on the subject matter of the program, and the difficulty of presenting Hakka and inviting guests.
4. The host receives feedback from the audience through the message area of the official website of the Hakka-speaking radio station, the feedback from people in the Hakka community and relatives and friends, and rarely receives the voice of the audience through the radio station.
5. In terms of future prospects, radio stations must face the test of the general environment, including the decrease in the number of radio listeners, the established impression of Hakka radio, the influence of podcasts, and the continuation of broadcasting talents.
Finally, this study puts forward suggestions on the future positioning and program arrangement of Taiwan radio stations, hoping that Hakka-speaking radio stations will uphold the mission of inheriting Hakka language and culture, actively improve the quality of programs, develop emerging podacast programs, increase the visibility of radio stations, and provide reference and reflection for other broadcasters. |
