由於都市化造成不透水鋪面的增加及減少自然土地並且減少反射率，增加了熱能 儲存及能源使用，而造成都市熱島效應。鋪面為都市熱島效應最顯著的影響，減緩熱島效應建議可使用涼鋪面及自然植物來達到環境涼化及節省能源。本研究的目的針對不同類型的透水性鋪面及不同的面積鋪設於建築物周圍，利用空氣和牆面溫度，計算建築物的能源使用，並與傳統的鋪路材料模擬結果進行成本比較。 本研究實驗區位於新北市新店區，量測參數包含四種材料(密級配瀝青混凝土 DGAC，透水瀝青混凝土PAC，植草磚GB 及透水連鎖磚PICB)表面溫度與氣象資料，並利用統計分析找出變數之間的相關性；本研究模擬案以國立中央大學圖書館為例，以Design Builder 程式模擬鋪面溫度，並將結果進一步以Design Builder Energy Plus 模擬建築能源使用並計算計算其成本。 研究結果顯示密級配瀝青混凝土表面溫度為最高，其影響室內和室外溫度，也增 加冷卻能源的使用。分析結果顯示使用透水性鋪面使用PAC 每年約可減少能源0.17%、GB 約可減少0.735%，而植被每年約可減少0.944％-1.132％。雖然透水性鋪面鋪設成本高於DGAC（PAC 53.2％，GB 86.4％，PI 46.4％），但能源使用之成本較低，與密級配瀝青混凝土總成本差異約可節省PAC 為2.319％、GB 為3.490％及PI 為1.700％。 The urbanization process increases artificial surfaces and less natural vegetation,decreases the albedo, increases metabolic heat and energy consumption, resulting in heat island effect. Pavements are found to be a significant contributor to the Urban Heat Island. Cool pavements and vegetation are suggested as a strategy to mitigate heat island effect bycooling the environment and saving energy. The purpose of this study is to discover the effect of different types of permeable pavement and different pavement area covering the building on air and wall temperature, building‘s cooling energy consumption, and the costs comparison of permeable pavements with conventional paving materials. Four types of pavement (dense grade asphalt pavement/DGAC, permeable asphalt pavement/PAC, concrete, grass block/ GB, and permeable interlocking concrete block/PICB)from Xindian are used in simulation. Xindian site measurement is conducted to collect meteorological and pavement surface temperature data. Statistical analysis is used to find the correlation between variables and to develop the pavement surface temperature model applied on National Central University (NCU) main library as the case study for the simulations using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation package in DesignBuilder. The result is further used in the building energy consumption simulations using EnergyPlus in DesignBuilder, and then used to calculate the cost. The result shows DGAC gives the highest temperature and impact on the outdoor and indoor temperature, and also increases cooling energy consumption. Analysis results showed differences caused by using permeable pavements or by increasing vegetation area. Utilizing permeable pavement can decrease energy consumption 0.170% (PAC) until 0.735% (GB) per year. And vegetation also can decrease 0.944%-1.132% per year. Even permeable installation cost is higher than DGAC (PAC 53.2%, GB 86.4%, PI 46.4%), energy efficiency cost make it cheaper. The total cost differences with DGAC is just 2.319% for PAC, 3.490% for GB, and 1.700% for PI.
