| 摘要: | 兩岸三通直航增班以及政府鼓勵觀光帶來動航空業蓬勃發展，桃園機場為國家第一門戶，出入境旅客高達全體出入境旅客74.7％，因此導致地勤公司從業人員非常忙碌，地勤公司算是個傳統的產業，24小時全年無休，提供航機、旅客、行李、貨物、各種服務，地勤作業人員除了操作各種動力非動力裝備外，大部分屬勞力密集產業，需要使用大量人力搬運行李貨物，因此本研究係以搬運作業危害為研究重心，本研究目的在於探討在地勤公司從業人員在長時間、重複性動作下，所造成的身體肌肉骨骼不適狀況，期望相關調查研究结果可以做為地勤產業未來發展之人因危害防治，並減少員工身體不適、職業病發生或以達成雇主及勞工雙贏局面。
研究對象為桃園機場某地勤公司之員工，研究共分為三個部分，首先是進行員工健檢腰薦椎資料調查搜集，了解作業人員健康狀況或頸椎、腰椎、薦椎不適部位;第二個部分採用北歐肌肉骨骼系統問卷調查表(Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnair ,NMQ);最後則使用關鍵指標法檢核表(Key Indicators Method, KIM)進行各現場作業站點觀察及風險評估，研究結果發現，在一、二期行李轉盤區、行李卸載區、散艙、機下搬運、及郵袋作業區同仁在上肢部位、上背、下背腰、肌肉骨骼不適症狀的比率頗高，因此建議改善增高行李轉盤30 cm、提高卸載道15 cm、購置ramp snake或其它輔具、實施，各健康操增加核心肌群耐力，站點定期內部工作輪調制度、實施健康管理或辦理職場健康促進活動，使用輔具輔助以減少人工搬運的距離與頻率及配工制度建立。
;Because of the relaxation of traveling regulations by the government and the booming of the tourism industry between Taiwan and China, the Taoyuan International Airport, the gate of Taiwan, has occupied up to 74.7% of passengers inbound and outbound of the island. Therefore, the ground crew has endured an extremely heavy workload. Ground crew companies, considered a traditional industry, provide services 24-7 regarding aircrafts, cleaning and maintenance, cargos handing and all kinds of needs from the passengers. Besides operating various powered and non-powered equipment, the crew also has to upload and download passengers′ luggage, which is a major role of their duties. Hence the purpose of this study is to investigate the physical hazards of the long-hour and repetitive work activities. It is hoped that findings of this study will alleviate the occupational hazards suffered by airport ground crew and to help improve the crew′s working environment.
A number of employees from the Taoyuan International Airport was selected randomly for this study. This study was divided into three parts. Firstly, physical examination reports were collected and analyzed to see whether there were any connections between their work and their health, especially problems on their cervical, lumber vertebra and sacrum. Then the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire(NMQ) was used to obtain further information on the crew. Finally, the Key Indicators Method, KIM was adopted to observe the work field and evaluate the level of physical hazards. Analyses of the information gathered above revealed the fact that the ground crew’s daily activities caused more disorders on one′s upper back, lower back and musculoskeletal disorder after one had worked on the 1st and 2nd carousel area, luggage uploading zone, bulk tanks and machine under handling. Thus it is recommended to raise the carousel for another 30 cm, to make the uploading channel 15 cm higher, to purchase ramp snake,to implement physical fitness activities, to regularly switch the interior working shift, to promote health management, to apply aids for shortening the handling distance and to establish the workload distributing system. |
