| 摘要: | 國內垃圾焚化廠多使用選擇性非觸媒還原法(Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction, SNCR) 處理排氣的NOx，選擇性觸媒還原法(Selective Catalytic Reduction, SCR)能更有效率地處理NOx排放。本文以台北市北投垃圾焚化廠、台中市后里資源回收廠、嘉義市垃圾焚化廠SNCR入口的NOx濃度，在實驗室模擬使用SCR處理NOx排放，探討脫硝效率，以及所需費用的變動。
本文使用的觸媒為V2O5 / TiO2釩鈦系觸媒，製造方法為擠出式。實驗溫度控制在160 oC ~ 210 oC區間，在實驗開始後的前500秒，實驗系統出口端NOx濃度都呈現急遽下降的情況。在開始後的900秒出口端NOx濃度呈現穩定狀態，最低可達30 ppm左右。實驗溫度越高，出口端NOx濃度越低，兩者呈現反比的情況。當反應溫度為 210 oC時，三廠都具有最高的脫硝效率，分別為83%、79%、79%。
各廠如果依照現有條件選擇建置SCR提高脫硝效率時，估計未來20年處理每噸垃圾需再投入建置與操作費用：北投廠為29.4元/噸、嘉義廠為99.93元/噸、后里廠為34.75元/噸。每年各廠需投入總費用：北投廠為1,930萬元、后里廠為1,142萬元、嘉義廠為1,094萬元。
關鍵字：氮氧化物、選擇性觸媒還原法、垃圾焚化廠、釩鈦系觸媒;Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is a more efficient method for NOx emission control than the selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR) method commonly used in Taiwanese waste incineration plants. This study simulated SCR treatment of NOx emissions in a laboratory setting, using NOx concentration data from the SNCR inlet of the Beitou Waste Incineration Plant in Taipei, the Houli Resource Recovery Plant in Taichung, and the Chiayi Waste Incineration Plant. The study investigated denitrification efficiency and associated cost fluctuations.
The catalyst used in this study was an extruded V2O5/TiO2 vanadium-titanium catalyst. The experimental temperature was controlled within the range of 160°C to 210°C. In the first 500 seconds after the experiment commenced, a rapid decrease in NOx concentration was observed at the outlet of the experimental system. After 900 seconds, the outlet NOx concentration stabilized, reaching a minimum of approximately 30 ppm. An inverse relationship was observed between experimental temperature and outlet NOx concentration, with higher temperatures leading to lower concentrations. At a reaction temperature of 210°C, all three plants achieved their highest denitrification efficiency, with values of 83%, 79%, and 79%, respectively.
If each plant were to implement SCR based on their current conditions to enhance denitrification efficiency, the estimated additional construction and operation costs per ton of waste over the next 20 years would be: NT$29.4/ton for the Beitou Plant, NT$99.93/ton for the Chiayi Plant, and NT$34.75/ton for the Houli Plant. The annual total costs for each plant would be: NT$19.3 million for the Beitou Plant, NT$11.42 million for the Houli Plant, and NT$10.94 million for the Chiayi Plant.
Keywords: nitrogen oxides, selective catalytic reduction, waste incineration plant, vanadium-titanium catalyst |
