車載網路中考慮交通號誌故障時之路口防撞預警機制; An Early Warning Scheme Considering Traffic Signal Breakdown for Intersection Collision Avoidance in VANETs

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Title:	車載網路中考慮交通號誌故障時之路口防撞預警機制;An Early Warning Scheme Considering Traffic Signal Breakdown for Intersection Collision Avoidance in VANETs
Authors:	楊文達;Man Tat
Contributors:	資訊工程研究所
Keywords:	交通號誌故障;預警;車載網路;路口防撞機制;early warning;VANETs;traffic signal breakdown;intersection collision avoidance
Date:	2011-07-26
Issue Date:	2012-01-05 14:54:49 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	全球每年因車禍意外死傷人數，始終居高不下，而各大車廠及政府機關等團體，為了尋求讓駕駛者更舒適、更安全的駕駛環境，努力尋找改善方案；由於無線網路技術的發展進步，從而提出了智慧型運輸系統和汽車隨意網路的架構。　　汽車隨意網路的特性，在可以沒有基地台的協助下，車輛之間可以進行資料交換；或是利用地基台與外界取得連絡，上述特性產生了許多的應用，如路口車輛防撞機制。由於智慧型運輸系統與車載網路的結合，讓駕駛者帶來更舒適、更安全的駕駛環境，目前許多文獻對於車輛防撞機制提出解決方案，雖能改善碰撞次數，卻未有計對煞車次數、交通號誌故障的情景作出研究。　　本論文提出使用Signal Breakdown Message，利用此訊息，作出交通號誌故障時發出警告，通知駕駛者並提高駕駛者的注意前方路口的交通情況，並提供指導維持交通。另外，本論文由於利用預警方式，通知駕駛者提早減速，故此可減少車輛在十字路口的碰撞次數，減少不必要的緊急煞車和煞車次數。　　最後本論文利用模擬實驗的方式，將此機制施行前後所造成影響進行分析。在避免碰撞次數可降低56.23%；於緊急煞車次數最少可以降低16.35%；於煞車次數可降低5.30%；於交通號誌故障造成之延遲時間可降低72.28%；於延遲時間可降低22.59%，有效降低在交通號誌故障情況下，減少車輛在路口發生交通意外，維持有限度的交通控管。 In every year, there are so many people die or hunt because of car accident. In order to make more comfortable, safer driving environment, therefore, all of automotive industry, government and organization are trying to find the solution to improve it. Due to the technique of wireless made a great progress, the framework of Vehicle Ad-hoc Network (VANETs) and Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) are developed. VANETs is a wireless technique which can exchange the data between vehicles without base station, or it can communicate with outside via base station. This can develop so many applications, such as Cooperative Intersection Collision Avoidance Systems (CICAS). Many researches provide some solution to reduce the number of accident, but they do not consider the situation of traffic signal breakdown and braking numbers. This thesis proposes using of Signal Breakdown Message; this message provides the early warning ability and prevents the collision of intersection when traffic signal is breakdown. In addition to send warning message, it can maintain limited traffic to prevent more accident. Finally, the thesis uses NCTUns 6.0 simulator to simulate, and comparing itself with traffic signal is breakdown. By the result, it improves 56.23% for intersection collisions, it improves 16.35% for emergency brake, it improves 5.30% for vehicle brake, it improves 72.28% for average vehicle delay time by traffic signal breakdown, and it improves 22.59% for average vehicle end-to-end delay time. It proves that it can reduce the collisions.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of Computer Science and Information Engineering] Electronic Thesis & Dissertation

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