水電工程出工數最佳化之研究

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题名:	水電工程出工數最佳化之研究
作者:	余慶驊;Yu, Ching-Hua
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	固定工;技術點工;人力需求;整數線性規劃;最佳化模式;Regular worker;technical contract worker;manpower demand;integral linear programming;optimization mode
日期:	2017-07-24
上传时间:	2017-10-27 12:25:27 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	一般水電工程的複雜度遠超過營造工程，且施工時程均需配合營造工程，一旦營造工程進度落後，水電工程的工期將遭大幅壓縮，以致經常處於趕工階段，然而趕工手法不外乎增加人力、增加工時，此二方法均會增加人力成本，因此對於人力成本的控制益顯重要，再者技術點工費用高易造成成本增加，聘用固定工可降低勞務成本，此處所謂之技術點工係指具備專業工作能力之點工，而非一般粗工雜工，其專業能力較固定工為強，能發揮較固定工為高的工作效能。本研究以一水電工程公司年度經營計畫為例，針對上述問題，利用整數線性規劃方式，建立一套數學最佳化模式，並利用OFFICE EXCEL建立參數資料庫，將問題數學模組化，復利用LINGO 12.0數學規劃軟體，快速輸出最佳人員指派方式及所需最低預算成本，模式效果良好，能作為公司在水電工程出工數人力調派中最佳化的建議，有效的降低成本，進而提高獲利，再與既有人工指派方式之效益作比較，並藉由敏感度分析找出影響成本的因素，以作為公司日後執行之參考依據。 ;General hydropower engineering is far more complicated than construction, and the schedule of the former must follow that of the latter. Once the construction falls behind schedule, work period of hydropower engineering will be sharply compressed, causing frequent crashing. However, crashing is nothing more than increasing manpower and labor-hour. Therefore, labor cost control is increasingly important; furthermore, the higher the technical contract worker cost, the higher the labor cost while the employment of regular worker can reduce labor cost. Technical contract worker is hereby defined as contract worker based on professional competence instead of general unskilled work and roustabout, which has higher professional ability and task performance than regular worker. This study took a hydropower company’s annual business plan as example, aiming at the aforesaid issues by using integral linear programming to set up a mathematical optimization mode; the issues were mathematically modularized by OFFICE EXCEL for the setup of parameter database, and optimized personnel assignment and minimum budget cost as required was quickly output through LINGO 12.0 mathematical programming software. This model effect is good enough for the company to make optimization proposal of personnel assignment in hydropower engineering, so as to effectively reduce cost and increase profit; meanwhile, compared to the effectiveness of existing manual assignment, the study in combination of sensitivity analysis may find out the factors that affect costs for the company’s future operation as reference.
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