| 摘要: | 我國目前室內空氣品質管理仍著重於管末的控制，然而根據檢測與量測的數據無法整體性的解決室內空氣品質的問題，且改善的目標也較不明確。面對這樣的狀況，我國主要管理與管制的中央主管機關為行政院環保署，政府為了維持環境的品質及保護國民的健康，訂定了許多環境保護相關的法規及各部會的權責分工，但目前仍面臨許多問題，而造成室內空氣品質不良的主要原因是通風量不足、空調系統設置不良及建材與家具所產生的甲醛與揮發性有機物含量過高等，且這些問題都會涉及到「建築物」建造前的規劃設計、室內裝修及建材管制等行為，與內政部營建署較為關連，其根原因為在權責分工下環保單位與建管單位並無配合共同制定管理的運作機制，造成許多管理策略或配套措施恐有涉及權責上的模糊地帶，造成無法具體執行的困難。因此，本研究以系統化的環境品質保護概念與原則探討危害室內空氣品質的作用機制，分析危害事件的管理方法與其相對應負責的主管機關，利用系統化的自我與組織管理架構與機制建立合理的室內空氣品質管理制度與措施，由內政部營建署以整體性的考量土地使用用途，勞動部與衛生福利部協同評估受體容受程度及訂定排放標準，目的事業主管機關核發許可以配合許可危害物的排放量與定期申報以掌握狀況，行政院環保署則為監督事業單位是否超出許可量，並不斷回饋控制校正、修正與修訂，以有效改善與維持良好的室內空氣品質。;In Taiwan, the current indoor air quality management still focuses on the control of the End-of-Pipe, but the problem of indoor air quality cannot be solved integrally based on the data of detection and measurement, and the goal of improvement is relatively unclear. In the face of such a situation, the main central competent authority for management and control in Taiwan is the Environmental Protection Agency, Executive Yuan. In order to maintain the quality of the environment and protect the health of the people, the government has formulated many environmental protection-related laws and regulations and the division of powers and responsibilities of various ministries and committees. However, there are still many problems. The main causes of poor indoor air quality are insufficient ventilation, incorrect air-conditioning systems setting, and high concentration of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds generated by building materials and furniture. These problems will all involve "buildings" Pre-construction planning and design, interior decoration, and building materials control are more related to the Ministry of the Interior′s Construction Agency. The root cause is that the environmental protection unit and the construction management unit did not cooperate in the joint development of management operating mechanisms under the division of powers and responsibilities, resulting in many Management strategies or supporting measures may involve ambiguous areas of power and responsibilities, resulting in difficulties that cannot be specifically implemented. Therefore, this study uses systematic environmental quality protection concepts and principles to explore the mechanism that harms indoor air quality, analyzes the management methods of hazardous events and their corresponding competent authorities, and uses systematic self and organizational management structures and mechanisms to establish reasonable The indoor air quality management system and measures of the Ministry of the Interior are designed to consider land use as a whole. The Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Health Services jointly evaluate the acceptability of recipients and set emission standards. Cooperating with the discharge amount of permitted hazardous substances and regular reporting to grasp the status, the Environmental Protection Department of the Executive Yuan supervises whether the business unit exceeds the permitted amount, and continuously feedbacks control corrections, amendments and revisions to effectively improve and maintain good indoor air quality. |
