目前國際上提出許多工業4.0（Industry 4.0）的相關研究，亦指出在實施工業4.0的情況下，能成功提升組織營運績效。然而，卻鮮少將工業4.0細分為管理層面及工程層面，並針對其策略配適度進行探討。因此，本研究欲探討工業4.0數位化管理與工業4.0數位化工程配適對營運績效之影響。 本研究透過157份樣本，針對台灣地區中小型製造業進行實證研究，採用三個配適模型：共變異模型、構型離差模型以及型態模型，透過偏最小平方結構方程模式（PLS-SEM）、歐基里德離差距離法（Euclidean Distance）、集群分析（Cluster Analysis）進行重複驗證，論證在考量策略配適的情況下，企業的營運績效是否會優於只探討單一面向策略。 研究結果顯示，企業在有效的工業4.0數位化管理與工程策略配適模型下，組織營運績表現較佳。因此，在實施工業4.0時，企業應考量多面向策略要能相互配合，方能有效提升組織營運績效並創造競爭優勢。;Despite the variety of Industry 4.0 research, and it is also pointed out that the implementation of industry 4.0 can successfully improve the operation performance of enterprises, little attention has been given to the use of alignment of industry 4.0 in a supply chain and rarely subdivided industry 4.0 into management level and technique level. Therefore, this study intends to explore the impact of strategic alignment between management and technique of Industry 4.0 on operational performance. Drawing on the alignment perspective, an alignment model is developed to identify the implications of industry 4.0 for operational performance. Empirical data used to test the research model were collected from Taiwan′s small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises, yielding 157 valid samples. We discussed the relationship between industry 4.0, alignment and operational performance, using partial least square structural equation model（PLS-SEM）, Euclidean Distance and Cluster Analysis. Proposed a research model that combined the three dimensions for verification. It is used to confirm whether Alignment is a prerequisite for Taiwan′s small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises to develop Industry 4.0, having influence on operating performance. The results show that the alignment of management and technique in Industry 4.0 has a significant impact on operating performance and means that, to create maximum benefits, an enterprise needs to focus on the optimal strategy and strive to complement it with the development of management and technique skills.
