| 摘要: | 1978年香港對賣淫的法律改革後，私人領域下的賣淫不再違法，一樓一模式於90年代興起，成為亞洲獨有。然而，賣淫者仍面臨污名與警察騷擾。90年代中後期，性工作者團體紫藤出現，透過建立性工作者身分，對抗污名和控訴警察濫權。在經濟低迷及主權移交後的居港權事件影響下，性工作者論述連結單親母親與賣淫者，建立性工作者身分。本文借用Kotiswaran的性勞動概念，分析香港性工作者論述，將家庭內的性勞動置換到賣淫上，以養育子女、自力更生、不佔用社會資源爭取認同。然而，此論述迴避了性工作者和單親母親以外的公共討論，導致身分出現局限，無法處理其後出現的援交議題。援交也不被視為性工作者，性工作者論述無法在援交議題上發揮作用。本文嘗試參考丁乃非尋找專偶制度下被遺忘的失蹤婢妾歷史，梳理1978年後青少年賣淫作為社會對性勞動的治理歷史。從80年代「魚蛋妹」到90年代「老泥妹」，指出成年人與青少年賣淫並非不可相容。青少年賣淫只是性勞動治理下的符碼，非確實的年齡身分分界，其出現是為了在新法律下治理賣淫的性勞動。而透過分析援交討論被核心家庭價值論述佔據，取消青少年的個人自願性。家庭成為治理單位，家長為子女賣淫負責。透過這個過程，避開對於賣淫的直接治理，取而代之的是強調家庭的重要性，以家長作為治理對象，防止子女援交賣淫。;Following the 1978 legal reforms on prostitution in Hong Kong, engaging in prostitution within private domains was no longer criminalized. In the 1990s, the “one-woman brothel”(一樓一) model emerged, marking a phenomenon unique to Asia. Nevertheless, individuals involved in prostitution continued to face stigma and harassment by the police. In the mid to late 1990s, the sex worker advocacy group ZiTeng (紫藤) was founded, building a sex worker identity to combat stigmatization and to denounce police abuses of power. In the context of economic downturns and the Right of Abode controversies that followed the handover, sex worker discourses linked single mothers with those who sell sex in order to consolidate a sex worker identity.
Drawing on Kotiswaran’s conceptualization of sexual labor, this article examines the discourses of Hong Kong sex workers, reframing domestic sexual labor into the context of prostitution. By emphasizing the role of single mothers who support their children independently and do not rely on social resources, sex workers sought to bolster social recognition. However, this discourse eschewed broader public debates beyond the scope of single mothers and sex workers, producing a constrained identity—one incapable of addressing the subsequent issue of compensated dating (援交). Since compensated dating was not deemed part of “sex work,”this sex worker discourse proved ineffective in navigating the topic.
Referring to Ding Naifei’s research on the lost histories of missing maids and concubines under patriarchal marriage systems, this article traces how teenage prostitution, post-1978, has operated as part of society’s governance of sexual labor. From the “yu-dang mui” (魚蛋妹) of the 1980s to the “lou-nai mui” (老泥妹) of the 1990s, this trajectory demonstrates that adult and teenage prostitution are not necessarily incompatible. Rather, teenage prostitution functions as a signifier under the regulatory framework of sexual labor, not as a strict age-based identity. It emerged specifically to manage prostitution-related activities under the new legal reforms.
Furthermore, by examining the discourse on compensated dating—dominated by the rhetoric of core family values—this study shows how the autonomy of young people is effectively dismissed. The family unit becomes the focal point of governance, holding parents responsible for their children’s participation in prostitution. In this manner, direct regulation of prostitution is sidestepped; instead, the emphasis is placed on preserving the family, with parents serving as the targets of governance to deter youth involvement in compensated dating. |
