| 摘要: | 苗栗出磺坑的老油人因工作與生活的關係，與該場域產生濃厚的情感連結，但其所擁有的集體記憶與陳列館中所展示之社會記憶並不相同。本研究之研究目的有三：（1）出磺坑老油人在中油公司的生活經驗與情感連結（2）油礦陳列館展示之社會記憶（3）老油人的集體記憶與油礦陳列館社會記憶之異同。研究方法主要採取「深度訪談法」和「次級資料分析法」進行資料搜集，輔以實地參與觀察，以觀展者身份進入陳列館內觀察其他觀眾觀看展物的反應和想法。「深度訪談法」採半結構的訪談方式，訪談對象包括（1）老油人；（2）策展廠商與給予設展建議的諮詢委員；（3）臺灣中油股份公司。中油公司因受到限制無法進行訪談，故此類對象採用文本分析法，分析當年中油公司提供的標案內容。
本研究發現，每位出磺坑老油人的故事有其獨特性，成為中油員工的管道，除了地緣關係，還包括是否有家庭成員為中油員工、自身專業性以及考試等方式。有些老油人搬離出磺坑的原因實際上為自身需求，與過往大眾認為的礦業之興衰並無直接關聯，對於該地之情感連結也不會因搬遷而消逝。油礦陳列館的出現帶動當地一定程度的復甦，館內展物主要以中油公司期待為主，即展現自身油礦探採技術；「老油人集體記憶」專區設立則是廠商要求增加，但其所展現集體記憶的展物，須經中油公司篩選，轉而以「社會記憶」呈現。館內所展示之社會記憶，與老油人心中真正的集體記憶有所差異的原因為話語權的不對等，老油人身為員工僅能對於自身的記憶給予「建議」；而中油公司將陳列館定義為形象館，內部的展物皆是中油公司與廠商協商後的結果，對於公司之形象須具備正面、積極之作用，導致呈現出的內容並非老油人們真正擁有之集體記憶。
;The elderly oil workers from Chuhuangkeng, due to their work and life experiences, have developed a strong emotional connection with the site. However, their collective memories differ from the social memories displayed in the exhibition hall. This research aims to address three objectives: (1) the life experiences and emotional connections of the elderly oil workers at Chinese Petroleum Corporation (CPC), (2) the social memory presented in Taiwan Oil Field Exhibition Hall, and (3) the differences between the collective memories of the elderly oil workers and the social memories in the exhibition hall. The primary research methods include “Semi-structured interviews” and “Secondary Data Analysis,” supplemented by field observation, where the researcher, acting as a visitor, observes the reactions and thoughts of other visitors in the exhibition hall. The “Semi-structured approach”, with interview subjects including (1) elderly oil workers, (2) exhibition curators and advisory committee members who provided suggestions for the exhibition, and (3) CPC. Due to restrictions, interviews with CPC were not possible; instead, text analysis was used to examine the bid documents provided by the company at the time.
The study found that each elderly oil worker’s story is unique, and the pathway to becoming a employee of CPC involved not only geographical factors but also whether family members worked at CPC, personal professional skills, and examinations. Some elderly oil workers left Chuhuangkeng for personal reasons, which was not directly related to the rise and fall of the mining industry, and their emotional connection to the place did not vanish with relocation. The establishment of Taiwan Oil Field Exhibition Hall contributed to a degree of local revitalization, with the exhibits mainly reflecting CPC’s intentions, highlighting its oil exploration and extraction technologies. The section of “Elderly Oil Workers’ Collective Memory” was added at the request of the exhibition vendor, but the exhibits on collective memory were subject to CPC’s approval and were therefore presented as “social memories.” The social memories displayed in the exhibition hall differ from the collective memories held by the elderly oil workers due to the imbalance of discourse power. As employees, the elderly oil workers could only provide “suggestions” about their own memories, while CPC defined the exhibition hall as a corporate image pavilion. The exhibits inside were the result of negotiations between CPC and the vendor, aiming to serve a positive and proactive role in shaping the corporate image. This led to the displayed content not fully reflecting the collective memories of the elderly oil workers. |
