在高壓運動情境中，有效的壓力調節對維持認知與生理表現至關重要。本研究探討習慣性運動是否能增強壓力韌性，透過虛擬實境（VR）足球模擬環境，觀察受試者的生理、神經與認知反應。60 名受試者依其運動習慣分為運動員組、規律運動組與一般組，並於不同壓力程度下執行休息、射門與守門任務。研究過程中同步記錄心率變異度（HRV）、腦電波（EEG）與眼動訊號。結果顯示，相較於缺乏運動者，規律運動者與運動員在壓力下展現更穩定的自律神經調節、注意力控制與任務表現，尤以額葉 theta 活性與 HRV 為主要差異指標。此外，機器學習模型亦能中等準確地辨識不同組別與任務的生理狀態，展現壓力自動化判讀的潛力。本研究強調運動對壓力管理的保護效果，並驗證 VR 在近真實情境中進行認知與生理評估的可行性。;Effective stress regulation is fundamental for maintaining cognitive and physiological performance in high-pressure sports scenarios. This study explores how habitual exercise influences stress resilience by examining physiological, neural, and cognitive responses in a virtual reality (VR)-based soccer environment. Sixty participants were classified into Athlete, Recreational, and General groups based on their exercise history. During rest, shooting, and goalkeeping tasks under varying stress levels, multimodal signals—including heart rate variability (HRV), electroencephalography (EEG), and eye-tracking—were continuously recorded. Results showed that individuals with regular physical training demonstrated better autonomic regulation, enhanced attentional control, and improved task performance under stress compared to non-exercisers. Frontal theta activity and HRV markers were especially effective in differentiating stress responses among groups. Machine learning classifiers further identified group- and task-specific patterns with moderate accuracy, suggesting the potential for automated stress profiling. These findings highlight the buffering effect of regular exercise on stress and demonstrate the utility of VR simulations for assessing cognitive performance in realistic yet controlled environments.
