| 摘要: | 本研究針對桃園地區氫氟酸槽車運輸過程中的洩漏事故進行深入分析，並探討相應的應變對策。研究方法包含文獻綜合分析、實地調查、結合當地風向氣象等資訊，進行風險情境模擬。本研究使用ALOHA毒性擴散模式模擬氫氟酸槽車在國道一號上發生事故所造成的危害範圍，並計算危害重疊區域及風險值。最終利用GIS軟體將各村里的人口風險值以圖像形式呈現，作為實際應變及演練的依據。
模擬結果顯示，情境一(風速以5年平均風速下)情況下模擬，人口風險值介於2400 ~ 120000人/km²間，情境二(風速以5年最高風速下)情況下，人口風險值介於2333 ~ 110000人/km²間，情境三(洩漏量較少情況下)人口風險值介於1,400 ~ 14,000人/km²間，在桃園區、中壢區、蘆竹區、楊梅區等地危害風險值較高；危害範圍與風速、風向、洩漏量、大氣穩定度、溫度等設定條件具有顯著差異，將會影響擴散結果。
研究結論建議高風險區域舉辦實際演練、居民化學知識教育訓練提高應變能力；擴大研究範圍，能使研究結果更為精確；應變資源整合，強化救災速度。
;This study conducts an in-depth analysis of hydrofluoric acid (HF) tanker leakage accidents during transportation in the Taoyuan area and explores corresponding response strategies. The research methods include a literature review, field investigations, and risk scenario simulations combined with local wind direction and meteorological data. The study employs the ALOHA toxic dispersion model to simulate the hazard range of a potential HF tanker accident on National Highway No. 1 and calculates overlapping hazard areas and risk values. GIS software is used to visualize population risk values for each village in graphical form, serving as a basis for emergency response and drills.
The simulation results show that under Scenario 1 (based on the 5-year average wind speed), population risk values range from 2,400 to 120,000 people/km². Under Scenario 2 (based on the 5-year maximum wind speed), the risk values range from 2,333 to 110,000 people/km². In Scenario 3 (with a lower leakage volume), the risk values range from 1,400 to 14,000 people/km². Higher risk values are observed in Taoyuan, Zhongli, Luzhu , and Yangmei. The hazard range is significantly influenced by variables such as wind speed, wind direction, leakage volume, atmospheric stability, and temperature, which affect the dispersion outcomes.
The study concludes with recommendations to conduct practical drills in high-risk areas and provide chemical knowledge training to residents to enhance emergency response capabilities. Expanding the scope of the study could improve the accuracy of the results. Additionally, integrating emergency response resources is essential for enhancing disaster response speed. |
