| 摘要: | 摘要
本研究旨在探討桃園市觀音區「四本簿」祭祀活動在現代社會中的變遷歷程，聚焦於其面臨之傳承危機與文化調適。研究目的為：一、探究四本簿祭祀圈之形成背景與空間劃分；二、分析人口結構變遷對祭祀活動參與及傳承之影響；三、評估環保政策對祭祀儀式之衝擊與地方社群之回應。
本研究採用質性研究法，透過深度訪談19位關鍵資訊人，包括廟方組織成員與一般居民，並輔以歷史文獻分析，進行三角驗證。研究發現如下：首先，四本簿祭祀圈正面臨根本性的「典範轉移」，因人口外流、世代斷層及新住民認同隔閡，導致傳統輪值制度瀕臨失效，社區內部已形成將祭祀中心移往永興宮之共識，預示其將從「輪值祭祀圈」轉向「廟宇中心信仰」。其次，在儀式實踐上，環保意識已內化為地方共識，呈現普遍的「減量化」與「象徵化」趨勢，從供品、香支、金紙至鞭炮均顯著簡化，並以「心誠則靈」論述為其正當性基礎。最後，年輕世代的疏離根源於「社區公共信仰」與「家庭私人祭祀」在意義上的分離，顯示傳統活動的社會凝聚力正急遽萎縮。
據此，本研究建議社區組織應務實推動制度轉型並創新活動形式；政府單位應將此類祭祀圈列為無形文化資產搶救對象；後續研究則可進行長期追蹤與比較研究。本研究不僅記錄了一項百年民俗的當代面貌，更為民間信仰在現代性衝擊下的存續路徑，提供了理論與實務的深刻啟示。
關鍵字： 四本簿、祭祀圈、文化變遷、社區參與、環保儀式
;Abstract
This study aims to explore the transformation of the "Four Registers" (Si Ben Bu) worship activities in Guanyin District, Taoyuan City, within the context of modern society, focusing on its challenges of cultural transmission and adaptive strategies. The research objectives are: 1) to investigate the formation background and spatial delineation of the Four Registers worship circle; 2) to analyze the impact of demographic changes on participation in and transmission of the worship activities; and 3) to assess the influence of environmental policies on ritual practices and the corresponding responses of the local community.
Employing qualitative research methods, this study conducted in-depth interviews with 19 key informants, including temple organization members and local residents, supplemented by historical document analysis for triangulation. The findings are as follows: First, the Four Registers worship circle is facing a fundamental "paradigm shift." Due to population outflow, intergenerational discontinuity, and identity barriers among new residents, the traditional rotational system is on the verge of collapse. A consensus has emerged within the community to relocate the worship center to Yongxing Temple, signaling a transition from a "rotational worship circle" to a "temple-centered faith." Second, regarding ritual practice, environmental consciousness has been internalized as a local consensus, manifesting in a widespread trend of "reduction" and "symbolization." Significant simplification is evident in offerings, incense, spirit money, and firecrackers, justified by the discourse of "sincerity is what matters." Finally, the alienation of the younger generation stems from the separation in meaning between "communal public worship" and "private family rituals," indicating a rapid decline in the social cohesive power of traditional activities.
Consequently, this study recommends that community organizations pragmatically promote institutional transformation and innovate activity formats; government agencies should designate such worship circles as priority targets for safeguarding intangible cultural heritage; and subsequent research should conduct long-term tracking and comparative studies. This study not only documents the contemporary state of a century-old folk tradition but also provides profound theoretical and practical insights into the sustainability of folk beliefs under the impact of modernity.
Keywords: Four Registers (Si Ben Bu), Worship Circle, Cultural Change , Community Participation, Eco-friendly Rituals |
