| 摘要: | 清代的芎林地區，原稱九芎林。原為平埔族道卡斯族竹塹社人的生活領域，乾隆末葉姜勝智、劉承豪等人進墾九芎林，二人被稱為九芎林開墾始祖。乾隆五十五年，番屯制度實行，姜勝智以佃首身份負責督導墾務工作。嘉慶年間，由於撥給麻薯舊社屯租的契機，拓墾範圍轉移至番界外的猴洞、山豬湖等地。九芎林地方劃歸為隘墾區的部分有二：一為山豬湖，當時隸屬於中興庄，石壁潭劉朝珍家族主導此區的墾務。二為王爺坑、鹿寮坑等地，隸屬於合興庄，由塹城殷戶陳長順家族主導此區的墾務。隨著拓墾工作的進行，九芎林地方遂建立以漢人為主的社會，特別是在文教方面的發展頗為鼎盛。而嘗會組織、社會事業等在本區亦蓬勃發展，本文透過討論九芎林居於漢人進入內山拓墾中繼站的區域，除了瞭解土地拓墾的過程以外，更試圖釐清本區所呈現出來的漢人社會面貌。Jiuqionglin in Qing Dynasty used to be the living realm of Zhu Qian She people, who were Taokas. Taokas were one of the plains aboriginal groups. In the late years of Qian-Long Emperor’s reign, Jiang Shengzhi, Liu Chenghao, etc. began to cultivate land in Jiuqionglin. Therefore, they were viewed as the pioneers of cultivating land in Jiuqionglin. In 1790 (55th year of Qian-Long Emperor), the Qing government actualized the Fantun System and Jiang Shengzhi, the head of tenant farmers, took charge of supervising the cultivating affairs. During the years of Jia-Qing Emperor’s reign, because the Qing officials assigned Jiuqionglin’s tenant farmers to pay taxes to Ma Shu Jiou She, the cultivating territory transferred to Hou Dong, Shan Zhu Hu and so on beyond the land boundary between Han settlers and Taiwanese aborigines.The Ai Ken territory in Jiuqionglin were divided into two parts: One was Shan Zhu Hu, which were located in Zhong Xing Village. Liu Chaozhen’s family in Shi Bi Tan were responsible for the cultivating affairs. The other was Wang Ye Keng, Lu Liao Keng, which were located in He Xing Village. Chen Changshun’s family, the merchant of Zhu Qian Cheng, were responsible for the cultivating affairs.Following the process of cultivating land, Qionglin gradually formed a society mainly consisting of Han Chinese and developed quite well, especially in the cultural and educational aspects. Besides, the Chang Hui and social businesses, etc. were under prosperous development as well. Through the discussion about the area where Jiuqionglin was the supply depot of Han Chinese cultivating the inside mountains, the thesis not only helps understand the process of cultivating land, but also attempts to clarify the characteristics of Han Chinese society showed in the region. |
