| 摘要: | 在全球運籌的環境下，如何將資源做有效的規劃及降低運輸成本顯得越來越重要。近年來，第四方物流(Fourth Party Logistics, 4PL)整合供應鏈各個環節的運輸流程和資訊系統，進而提供全面性的供應鏈解決方案，以提高客戶滿意度及供應鏈競爭力。
第四方物流業者為了將物品準確運送至目的地，需考慮運送過程中遇到的各種自然災害和意外事件，以事前預防、事後應變的方式，規劃客製化的供應鏈解決方案，降低可能造成運送延遲的風險。藉由完善的風險事件管理流程避免預期事件發生，同時在非預期事件發生時快速反應以減少損失。
本研究以一本國B2B物流公司的風險事件管理流程為例，先以整合資訊架構(Architecture of Integrated Information Systems, ARIS) 建構運輸服務流程，及過程中面臨的各項風險事件並加以歸類；從上述建構的處理流程中，對各類風險事件進行失效模式與效用分析(Failure Mode & Effect Analysis, FMEA)，找出潛在的失效原因，並利用風險評估指數(RPN)，作為後續改善方向；最後由上述找出的失效因子，針對嚴重性高的風險事件，以領結分析法(Bowtie Methodology)分析不同事件間的因果關係，使事件發生時能即時做出有效反應。
;Under the circumstances of global logistics, planning recourses efficiently and reducing transportation cost have become more and more important. For the purpose of increase customer satisfaction and supply chain competitive, the fourth party logistic integrates each part of supply chain and information system recently, so as to provide overall supply chain solutions.
In order to deliver goods on time, fourth logistic companies have to consider natural disasters, accidents, and other kinds of events during transportation. To prevent and deal with these kinds of incidents, fourth logistic companies provide customized supply chain solutions which can reduce the risk of delay. With perfect risk management procedure, fourth logistic companies can prevent expected events; meanwhile, reducing losses when unexpected events happened.
This study takes a local B2B logistics company’s risk management procedure as an example. First, construct the transportation procedure, also the risk events during transportation with ARIS. Second, with ARIS process models, we analysis different categories of risk events with FMEA to find out the reason why procedure may break down. Then base on RPN, this research finds the follow-up direction to reduce the failure. Finally, we use bowtie Methodology to analysis causalities between risk events. As a result, logistics company can make effective responses when different kinds of risk events happened. |
