| 摘要: | 在5G、Beyond 5G (B5G)及其後續6G行動通訊網路技術的成長中，追求低延遲和高頻寬成為滿足應用層的必要條件。同時為了應對數量持續增加的使用者裝置，也開始導入了IPv6以解決IPv4位址不足的問題。在這樣的環境中，導入結合分段路由 (Segment Routing, SR) 技術的IPv6分段路由 (Segment Routing over IPv6, SRv6)，能利用內嵌在IPv6位址中的分段識別碼，使得路由決策更加彈性和可調整；亦能根據上層應用服務的需求進行網路資源的重新分配，針對不同情境中的封包傳輸整合最佳化路徑。本研究的主題即為探討SRv6在單一網域內的適性控制策略與封包轉發機制，並提出一基於機率猜測之路由最佳化演算法 (Probabilistic Routing Optimization Algorithm, PROA) 強化網域內路由策略的韌性與可適性。使網域內網路藉由SDN佈署SRv6路由管理策略調整封包流會對應到的路徑。當偵測到底層連結出現故障及壅塞的情況時，SRv6網路設備能夠直接讀取封包標頭中的SR資訊切換到備選路徑，同時透過PROA來控制SRv6路由路徑。實驗結果顯示，相較於傳統網域內路由協定和相關研究的分段路由控制方法，本研究設計的方法在預設條件下的故障恢復時間、封包遺失率、以及資源使用率方面能夠有明顯地提升。;In the evolution of 5G, Beyond 5G (B5G), and subsequent 6G mobile communication networks, the pursuit of low latency and high bandwidth has become essential to meet application layer requirements. To address the ever-increasing number of user devices, IPv6 has been adopted to solve the issue of insufficient IPv4 addresses. Within this framework, the integration of Segment Routing (SR) technology with IPv6, known as Segment Routing over IPv6 (SRv6), leverages segment identifiers embedded within IPv6 addresses to enable more flexible and adjustable routing decisions. This approach allows for the reallocation of network resources based on the demands of upper-layer applications, optimizing packet transmission paths for different scenarios. This study focuses on the adaptive control strategies and packet forwarding mechanisms of SRv6 within a single domain. A Probabilistic Routing Optimization Algorithm (PROA) is proposed to enhance the resilience and adaptability of intra-domain routing strategies. By deploying SDN-based SRv6 routing management strategies, the network is able to dynamically adjust the paths to which packet flows are assigned. When underlying link failures or congestion are detected, SRv6 network devices are capable of directly reading the SR information in the packet headers to switch to alternative paths, while PROA controls the SRv6 routing paths. The results indicate that, in comparison to traditional intra-domain routing protocols and related segment routing control methods, PROA significantly improves fault recovery time, packet loss rate, and resource utilization under predefined conditions. |
