由於激烈的全球化競爭和環保意識的興起，現代企業所面臨的營收-成本決策問題和以往有所不同。本論文特別針對現代企業常遇到的營收風險管理和環境供應鏈作業成本管理等複雜問題提出一系列多準則-目標決策模型之應用與解法。本論文共分為四大部份。第一部份是運用實質選擇權評估模式及多目標模型於網路零售業之營收風險管理並以應用案例顯示此模型確可有效降低營收風險並提高企業利潤。第二部份運用分析階層程序及0-1目標規劃模型於航空公司營收風險管理。不同營收風險的航班座次被視為不同的專案，決策者再根據分析階層程序所得到的權重和各種目標及限制求解最適航班產能規劃。第三部份運用模糊目標規劃模型及整合作業成本-績效評估模式求解綠色供應鏈之物流及運輸最適解。不同的目標結構下各有不同的最適解，故本論文採用分析階層程序以決定最終之目標結構與最適解。第四部份運用企業延伸責任制及環境供應鏈的概念建構作業成本制下的兩階段逆物流模型。企業延伸責任制下的環境供應鏈問題有別於傳統的利潤極大化假設。本論文所提出的兩階段法可有效化解環境保護與利潤極大化長期以來所存在的矛盾爭議。 Many previous papers concerning revenue management (RM) and pricing require that the firm possesses the ability to know the demand curve (or demand distribution) and set prices on it to maximize profits. However, this assumption may not be the case in some industries. Therefore, Part I of this thesis focuses on the dynamic lead indicators rather than assumptive lag indicators to establish a concise and flexible decision model for practical use. This paper provides an integrated real-options (IRO) approach with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) for the auction RM problem under competitive/dynamic pricing and revenue uncertainty in Internet retailing. The purpose of Part II is to provide an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and 0/1 goal programming (ZOGP) approach to filter out the optimal capacity schemes according to the airlines’ goals, criteria and objective constraints. In these optimal capacity schemes, the airlines take uncertain and strategic factors into consideration and simultaneously satisfy all their necessary constraints. Therefore, the airlines can reduce excess capacity, low profit capacity, and finally raise their competitiveness and profitability. Part III of this thesis turns to green supply chain (GSC). Supply chain operation with sustainable consideration has become an increasingly important issue in recent years. However, the decision framework with integrated costing and performance evaluation for green supply chain has not been well developed so far in the literature. For this reason, this paper is aimed to propose a fuzzy goal programming (FGP) approach that integrates activity-based costing (ABC) and performance evaluation in a value-chain structure for optimal GSC supplier selection and flow allocation. Part IV proposes a two-stage multi-objective decision framework which integrates supply chain operations of treatment and recycling systems, activity-based costing with efficiency measurement, and extended producer responsibility (EPR) in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) reverse logistics management. This integrated approach can make WEEE reverse logistics management more efficient, effective, and environment friendly.
