台灣屬於海島型的經濟體系，地狹人稠，自然資源相當缺乏，在資源有限之情況下，台灣製造業如何將有限資源作最適當之配置，創造最大效益，因應外在環境的變化，提升企業國際競爭力，已是刻不容緩之課題。故本研究運用資料包絡分析法，以資源基礎角度對台灣製造業進行經營效率之評估，評估企業以所擁有的有限資源於獲利、股票市場及整體經營效率之表現，衡量出企業之獲利力及市場力，並深入探討製造業中高科技產業和傳統產業獲利力及市場力之差異，為企業在瞬息萬變的環境中提供未來發展方向之參考。 本研究利用資料包絡分析法中CCR模式及BCC模式衡量企業獲利效率、市場效率及整體經營效率的整體技術效率、純粹技術效率及規模效率，以求無效率之原因，並利用目標改善分析提出目標改善建議，以及運用敏感度分析探討投入項改變對效率值之影響，最後發展獲利力-市場力矩陣，探討獲利力與市場力關係，提供管理者更多管理方向及改善效率之資訊。研究結果發現製造業之整體技術效率分析中，並無任何一家公司在獲利效率、市場效率及整體經營效率皆達最佳效率；純粹技術效率分析中僅有聯發科一家公司在獲利效率、市場效率及整體經營效率皆達最佳效率值。且發現獲利力與市場力相關性不高。另外，製造業中高科技產業之獲利力雖然較傳統產業差，但市場力的表現卻優於傳統產業。故建議企業不應偏頗單一效率指標之追求，而忽略其他效率之達成，應同時兼顧獲利力及市場力的提昇，以研擬改善策略，有效地提昇企業經營效率，達成企業目標。 This study basing on the resource-based view evaluates the operational efficiency of manufacturing industry in Taiwan, and investigates how the resources of the firms influence the activities generating more profit and market value. Basing on the nonparametric frontier method, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), with a sample of 367 manufacturing firms, this research reviews the aggregate technical efficiency, the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency of both profitability and marketability by using CCR and BCC model, and attempts to figure out the reasons for inefficiency. Besides, the purpose of this research not only surveys the correlation of profitability and marketability in these firms but also develops the Profitability-Marketability Matrix to classify these firms by both their profitability and marketability. Relying on that, this research attempts to distinguish the operational efficiency of both high technology firms and traditional firms, and offer the advice according to the located quadrant in Profitability-Marketability Matrix. The research conclusion indicates that not all firms could have the best performance in both profitability and marketability, and there was no apparent correlation between both two. This study also provides evidence that current high technology firms acquire relatively lower level of profitability than traditional ones, but obtain relatively higher level of marketability. Finally, the analysis in this study suggests that the firms should improve both profitability and marketability.
