| 摘要: | 現今企業為了回應變動且複雜的環境、即時反應顧客的需求，並提高整體營運的效率，紛紛導入ERP系統。但是大型ERP系統設計非常複雜，通常導入這些ERP需耗費時日，且花費昂貴。所以，導入ERP必須以中、長期的策略為考量，並且以有計劃及正確的方法去執行導入的工作。 在眾多大型ERP的開發商中，SAP即為其中知名的軟體之一，這些軟體大多強調以模組化的方式，並內建所謂的企業最佳化流程，即以流程化的思考來建構企業作業活動的參考模式。企業可以根據營運流程的需求，來導入這些所謂的最佳化流程。 然而，根據過去的研究顯示，導入ERP後有很多原因致使企業無法達到較佳的績效，甚至最後導入專案失敗。其中有很大一部份的原因是企業內作業活動，與ERP所提供的功能間無法達到配適。亦即ERP所提供的功能或流程，與現行企業的作業面並不相符。 過去有學者提出一套評估ERP與導入企業間的配適度分析方法，其著重在企業內的目標、流程與資料輸出的需求，是否與ERP所能提供的功能相符合，並以導入SAP為案例說明。而過去的研究也提到，除了系統與功能面上無法相符之外，組織的議題也是影響資訊專案成功的重要因素。 本篇研究基於過去的研究，發展一套以SAP資訊專案應用配適度分析之方法，除了考慮過去研究的目標、流程和資料輸出與系統間的配適程度之外，也將組織的因素列入考量。在組織因素方面，應該同時考慮企業組織內人員的管理概念、資訊能力以及抗拒的程度，來評估將來導入系統時可能產生的阻力。最後，以一真實的案例來提供本研究所提出的方法，在實際的執行面中的可行性。 Enterprises are in response to changes in today's business environment, real-time response to customer requirement and they improve overall operating efficiency, one after another into ERP systems. However, the design of large-scale ERP systems are extremely complex, often need to implement these ERP time-consuming and expensive. Therefore, the implementation of ERP systems must be the long-term strategy for consideration, and must be a planned and proper ways to implement. Among the many large-scale ERP developers, SAP software is one of well-known. Most of these software emphasize on modular approach, and built the so-called business best processes. The processes build enterprise reference model of operating activities. Enterprises can implement the best of these so-called processes in accordance with the demand. However, according to past studies have shown that there have a number of reasons can’t improve business performance after implementing the ERP system, and even fail to final project to implement. The important reason is that the operational activities of the enterprises can’t fit functions provided by ERP systems. Some scholars address methodologies to assess fitness between ERP system and target enterprise, and to implement the SAP for the case Note. Past study also mentioned, in addition to systems and functions can’t match, the organization issue is an important factor in the success of the information project. This research is based on past research that developed a methodology of SAP solution with appropriate analysis methods. In addition to the objectives, processes and data outputs and the degree of fitness of the past study take into account, the Organization issues will also be included in the considerations. In the factors of organization, we consider employees’ management concepts, information capacity and the degree of resistance to assess the future resistance that may arise. Finally, this article operates a real case from hospital that can provide the feasibility of the study. |
