本研究使用2016年美國消費者報告中有關汽車的資料，並運用資料包絡分析法探究各類車款效率。研究結果顯示如下，首先，轎車在價格、成本及油耗方面表現最佳，豪華車在道路測試表現方面最佳，休旅車在可靠性預測方面表現最佳，跑車在使用者滿意度方面較高。其次，共同邊界效率表現最佳的車款為轎車，推估可能原因為此車款為多數人擁有，各項技術應用純熟，相對效率較高及油耗較低，技術缺口比率也最接近於1。群組邊界最佳的車款為跑車，顯示此車款專為少數人設計及較高進入門檻，該群表現聚焦也相對良好。再者，油耗表現最佳為轎車，休旅車不僅價格高，且油耗表現最差，顯示該車款對於性能與環保效能提升仍待改善。最後，並進一步運用拔靴法取得統計推論，使研究結果更為嚴謹，並具有可信度。本研究的管理意涵如下，建議政府應訂定更嚴謹之環保、節能與安全等相關法令，車商也應配合上述法規及強化低階車款品質，並加速推動智慧與綠色科技運用於各車款上並以符合全球趨勢。研究所得結論可提升消費者綠色認知及購買決策之參考，提供廠商未來產品設計方向，並進而去改善技術缺口或無效率品牌之標竿改善策略運用。;Data envelopment analysis was employed to investigate automobile vehicle efficiency by collecting data from Consumer Reports 2016. The results are as follows: (1) general cars exhibited the most favorable performance in terms of price, costs, and mileage; luxury cars had the most favorable road test performance; sports utility vehicles (SUVs) scored highest for predicted reliability; and sports cars scored high for owner satisfaction. (2) Metafrontier efficiency was the highest for general cars, which may be because this automobile type has the highest prevalence; hence, the technical applications were thoroughly developed, corresponding efficiency was relatively high, and fuel consumption was relatively low. The technology gap ratio the closest to 1 was obtained for general cars. Sports cars had the most favorable group frontier, indicating that this automobile type is designed for relatively few people and has a relatively higher entry threshold; the group performance also exhibited relatively favorable focus for this type. (3) General cars had the most favorable performance in terms of miles-per-gallon (MPG). Not only were SUVs found to be expensive but their MPG performance was also the least favorable, indicating that this automobile type requires additional improvements regarding functional performance and environmental efficacy. The management implications of this study are as follows. Governments should formulate more stringent laws related to environmental protection, energy conservation, and safety, and automobile manufacturers should comply with such regulations and enhance the quality of low-end automobile models. Additionally, the application of smart and green technology in various automobile types should be accelerated and made to conform to global trends. The conclusions of this study could enhance consumers’ green cognition and serve as a reference in purchase decision-making; they can also provide manufacturers with directions regarding future product designs, methods to mitigate technology gaps, and benchmark strategies for improving inefficient brands.
