| 摘要: | 據2020年勞動部國際勞動統計指出2020年台灣勞工的年平均總工時為2021
小時，在 40 個參與調查的全球國家中排名第四、亞洲國家中排名第二，台灣人投入大量的時間於工作之中。而當投入工作與家庭的時間、角色期待產生衝突時，則會為個人帶來生理、心理與個人工作績效等等負面影響，進為企業帶來負面效果。過去文獻中對於職家衝突與教育訓練參與的討論較少，然而現今對於企業所追求的人才永續發展目標而言，教育訓練扮演著達成目標相當重要的角色。
本研究根據過去文獻將自變項職家衝突分類為工作家庭衝突、家庭工作衝突；教育訓練分類為一般技能訓練、專業技能訓練與商業技能訓練，探討兩變項之間的相關關聯性，並也將其以性別做為分類檢視其中差異性。本研究資料來源為中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心調查研究專題中心的學術調查研究資料庫（Survey Research Data Archive, SRDA），採用資料庫中政府例行性年度調查資料—《2019 年度勞工生活及就業狀況調查》，有效樣本問卷為4215 份。
本研究發現對於員工來說一般技能的培訓通常自主性較高，也因此員工在感受到工作家庭衝突時造成的時間壓力時，會選擇減少其參與一般技能訓練的時數，而這樣的情況又以在男性身上較為明顯；對於女性來說無論是工作家庭衝突、家庭工作衝突在專業技能訓練參與度上反而呈現正向顯著的關係；男性在商業技能課程上與家庭工作衝突呈現正向顯著關係。;According to the 2020 International Labor Statistics report by the Ministry of Labor, Taiwan′s average annual working hours per worker were 2021 hours, ranking fourth among 40 surveyed countries and second among Asian countries. Taiwanese workers spend a significant amount of time on their jobs. However, conflicts between work and family roles and expectations can have negative effects on individuals′
physical and mental health and work performance, as well as negative impacts on businesses.Previous literature has paid less attention to the relationship between work-family
conflicts and participation in education and training. However, for businesses pursuing sustainable talent development goals, education and training play an important role in achieving these goals.
Based on previous literature, this study categorizes the
independent variable, work-family conflict, into work-family conflict and family-work conflict. Education and training are classified into general skills training, professional
skills training, and business skills training. The study explores the correlation between the two variables and examines gender differences.The data for this study are obtained from the Survey Research Data Archive (SRDA) of the Center for Survey Research of the Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica. The data used are from the 2019 Annual Survey of Employment and Living Conditions of Workers. The effective sample size is 4215.
The study finds that for employees, general skills training usually has higher autonomy, and when they feel time pressure due to work-family conflicts, they tend to reduce the time spent on general skills training. This situation is more evident among men. For women, regardless of work-family conflicts, family-work conflicts, or work family conflicts, participation in professional skills training shows a positive and significant relationship. Men show a positive and significant relationship between business skills courses and family-work conflict. |
