中小企業的工業 4.0：數位化與生產力的觀點;Industry 4.0 for the SMEs: Perspective of Digitalization and Productivity

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题名:	中小企業的工業 4.0：數位化與生產力的觀點;Industry 4.0 for the SMEs: Perspective of Digitalization and Productivity
作者:	鄭以祥;Cheng, Yee-Shiang
贡献者:	企業管理學系
关键词:	中小型企業;工業4.0;數位化;生產力;SMEs;Industry 4.0;digitalization;productivity
日期:	2023-04-14
上传时间:	2024-09-19 15:21:58 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	因應工業4.0的發展以及數位轉型的迫切需要，企業不得不投注資源，運用資本、人力提升企業的數位化程度，然而，許多企業對於具體應該如何進行數位化並沒有充分的了解，導致許多失敗的案例。本研究欲探討台灣中小企業用不同方式進行數位化能如何為企業帶來競爭力，並且探討管理層面的數位化在這當中扮演何種角色。本研究採用Puchan、Krischke與呂俊德博士授權之台灣地區製造業的工業4.0現況調查之問卷。將數位化分為技術與管理兩個部份，技術方面的數位化聯結、數位化服務與數位化工廠，與管理方面的數位化管理。並透過台灣經濟新報資料庫 (TEJ+) 中蒐集人均生產力、資本生產力以及資本獲利能力的財務資料，合併為生產力構面。透過結構方程模型 (SEM)，採用偏最小平方結構方程模式 (PLS-SEM) 對於186份樣本進行分析。結果顯示企業如果僅做到技術層面的數位化聯結、數位化服務、數位化工廠三者單一個面向並不能提升企業的生產力。但是數位化聯結、數位化工廠可以透過數位化管理為中介顯著正向影響生產效率。企業在生產流程當中如應用數位科技整合企業內外部流程，並且將機器設備透過物聯網蒐集即時數據以進行大數據分析，可影響到企業內部的策略與組織，從管理層面帶動企業整體一致運作，以提升生產效率。;In response to the development of Industry 4.0 and the digital transformation, enterprises have to enhance the degree of digitalization of enterprises. However, many enterprises don’t know how to carry out digitalization in detail. This study intends to explore how different ways of digitalization can bring competitiveness to Taiwanese SMEs. And what role does digitization at the management level play in this. This study uses the questionnaire of Industry 4.0 in Taiwan′s manufacturing industry published and authorized by Dr. Puchan, Krischke and Jun-Der Leu. Digitalization is divided into two parts : one is technology include digital connection, digital service and digital factory. Another is management include digital management. The financial data of per capita productivity, capital productivity, and capital profitability are collected through the TEJ+ and merged into the productivity dimension. Through SEM and used PLS-SEM to analyze 186 samples. The results show that if an enterprise only achieves a single aspect of digital connection, digital service, and digital factory at the technical level, it will not be able to improve the productivity of the enterprise. However, digital connection and digital factory can significantly positively affect production efficiency through digital management as an intermediary. In the production process, if an enterprise uses digital technology to integrate internal and external processes, and collects real-time data from machines and equipment through the Internet of Things for big data analysis. It can affect the internal strategy and organization of the enterprise, and drive the overall consistent operation of the enterprise from the management level to improve production efficiency.
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