社會資本及資訊系統對知識分享行為影響之研究—以新產品開發專案為例; The Impact of Social Capital and Information Systems on Knowledge Sharing Behavior: An Empirical Analysis of New Product Development project

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Title:	社會資本及資訊系統對知識分享行為影響之研究—以新產品開發專案為例;The Impact of Social Capital and Information Systems on Knowledge Sharing Behavior: An Empirical Analysis of New Product Development project
Authors:	王宏偉;Hung-wei Wang
Contributors:	企業管理研究所
Keywords:	知識分享;資訊系統;社會資本;Knowledge sharing;Information systems;Social capital
Date:	2010-07-18
Issue Date:	2010-12-08 14:48:15 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	在全球劇烈的競爭環境下，組織必頇針對本身內部的知識資源做適當的管理，以獲得在眾多挑戰下的競爭優勢。而知識分享就是其中一個重要課題，組織在現在科技發達的今天，會使用資訊系統來管理知識，同時也會促進成員間的關係也就是提升成員間的社會資本，達成成員間能夠透過平常溝通以及使用資訊系統來互相分享知識。因此分辨社會資本與資訊系統會如何對知識分享行為產生影響，便是本研究的重要課題。本研究研討了社會資本、資訊系統以及知識分享行為共七個構面，社會資本分別為結構構面、關係構面與認知構面，而關係構面由信任、規範及認同組成，認知構面由共同願景和共通語言組成。資訊系統則分為系統品質以及使用系統的自我效能，用來探討使用者以及系統本身。而知識分享行為則是分為分享知識的意願和分享知識的能力，其中能力會影響意願。本研究與之前研究不同處為採用社會資本完整的構面而不是單獨討論單一構面的影響，以及只單獨檢視系統品質與自我效能對分享行為的影響，避免考慮太多不相關的資訊系統變數。實證分析是針對台灣的製造業之廠商為研究主體，並請有參與過新產品開發專案的人員及主管為問卷填答對象，所得樣本為246份。經由實證結果發現，社會資本的關係與認知構面以及資訊系統的自我效能會對知識分享行為產生正向影響，但社會資本的結構構面與資訊系統品質對於知識分享行為是沒有顯著影響的。這不顯著的結果跟之前學者所推論的結果是有段差異的。本研究認為社會資本的結構構面即使成員間互動頻繁，但是如成員缺乏意願，分享知識的意願也就不高。而資訊系統品質不顯著的原因，本研究認為即便品質良好，但成員不易使用或缺乏使用的能力也是無法進行知識分享的行為的原因。 In the rapid and competitive global environment, organization must to focus on the internal knowledge resource. Through appropriate managing those resource can receive the competitive advantages under the challenges. Knowledge sharing is an important issue. Organization uses the IT systems to manage knowledge, and try to improve relationships enabling to increase social capital. So our important issue is to find out how social capital and IT systems affecting knowledge sharing behavior. We examine social capital, IT systems and knowledge sharing behavior. Social capital separates to structure, relation and cognitive. IT systems separate to system quality and system self-efficacy. Knowledge sharing behavior separates to sharing ability and sharing willingness. The difference with other researches is that we use full social capital instead of one or two of the social capital dimension. And we only examine the system quality and self-efficacy affecting sharing behavior. Our empirical analysis focus on Taiwan manufacturing industry and we send the questionnaires to the NPD team. Totally we collected 206 questionnaires. Through the empirical result, relation dimension, cognitive dimension and self-efficacy have a significantly positive relation with knowledge sharing behavior. But structure dimension and system quality have no significantly relation with knowledge sharing behavior. We suggested that even though social interaction increase, if someone has no intention to share knowledge, may causes willingness down. IT system quality is the best practice. But members can’t use or operate it, so they won’t to share their knowledge.
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