中小型企業為許多國家經濟發展的基礎，提供了全球約一半以上的就業率，並且在供應鏈中保有獨特的定位。由於資源相對的不足，規模也相對較小，中小型企業發展出與大型企業截然不同的營運模式與供應鏈機制，並重視與上下游間建立緊密的合作關係。而本研究利用實證分析的方式，探討台灣中小型企業的供應鏈內部結構配適對組織績效的影響。此外，在模型中分別加入流程與資訊科技(Information Technology, IT)的觀點比較之間的差異，並探討產業別的不同對於中小型企業供應鏈結構配適的影響。 本研究將中小型企業供應鏈結構分為原物料採購(inbound logistics)、倉儲與出貨(outbound logistics)、靈巧型生產(agile production)等三大構面，並利用路徑分析(Path analysis)、結構方程模式(Structural Equation Modeling, SEM)等兩種方法分析上述三大構面的配適方式。根據179間台灣製造業廠商的研究分析結果，發現中小型企業與上下游廠商間建立企業流程的配適，會對運籌與財務績效產生正向影響。在加入IT的考量後，可增強中小型企業供應鏈內部結構配適對績效之影響。最後，本文針對研究結果進行分析與討論。 ;A large part of economic development in many countries is based on the growth of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). SMEs provide more than half of the global employment rate and maintain a unique position in supply chain. Because of their inferiority of resources, their model of operation and supply chain mechanisms are significantly different from large enterprises. SMEs attached great importance to establish a close relation with inbound and outbound logistics. This study explores the relationship between the fit of SMEs’ supply chain structure and performance by empirical analysis. We also compare the perspective of business process with the perspective of IT and explore the way of fit in different industries. This study divided the SMEs’ supply chain structure into three elements, such as inbound logistics, outbound logistics and agile production. The study use Path analysis and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to analyze the fit of SME’s supply chain structure. Based on a sample of 179 Taiwan manufacturing plants, we find the enhancement of logistics performance and financial performance is primarily dependent upon the fit of supply chain structure. SMEs can also use IT to enhance the influence of the fit on performance.
